Population increase, lifestyle changes and economic development has led to increase in human activity and hence high demand of manpower and especially in cities all over the world. Keywords: Arduino UNO, Motion, Ultrasonic sensor, LCD This distance sensing and measurement system can get wide applications where proximity detection is required e.g. Thus, this method of distance sensing and measurement is efficient and assures measurements of small distances precisely. Simultaneously the sensor display visual LED signals set and color coded as for instance, distances less than 150 cm, 70 cm and 40cm corresponding to Green, Blue and Red LED lights respectively, while at the same time producing sound signals n a sound buzzer. The study demonstrated that the designed sensor could be used to accurately determine the position of an approaching object and display the distance readings on the LCD. The program to run the circuit was developed using Arduino IDE and stored at the memory of the Arduino microcontroller. The hardware utilized included the Arduino Uno on a bread board interfaced with LCD, LEDs, Buzzer and Ultrasonic sensor.

This study aimed at designing a sensor that can easily measure how far the object is, monitor change of distances as the object approach and display the results in the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), give a light coded signal and a sound alarm.

The goal is to measure and monitor human activity remotely, and using less manpower as much as possible. One of the research focus has been the use of Arduino Uno microcontroller, Ultrasonic sensor, passive infrared sensor and many others to sense and measure distances. Many activities are carried out in the presence of motion. Kamweru Paul Kuria Department of Physical Sciences, Chuka UniversityДЄbstract- Motion detection has become one of the great areas of research in the world. Mutinda Mutava Gabriel Department of Physical Sciences, Chuka University CommentsДЄny questions or comments please go to our TechForum.Arduino Uno, Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 Motion Detector with Display of Distance in the LCD There are many different ways you can use these and really it is up to the imagination, but this is a good place to get started. This is a simple way to setup the PUI Audio Piezoelectric Ultrasonic transmitters and receivers in a proximity sensor. I did change one part for my circuit, on the comparator I had the feedback loop connect to the negative terminal with the diode output. It is then sent through a comparator so that it does not output on a low signal. This makes sure we have a positive output. We then send it through a diode to act as a rectifier. This is done by passing it through two op amps. The processing starts out with increasing the gain of the signal. For this one we are just turning it into a simple analog signal. The user has a few options depending on what they need to do with the signal. The receiver circuit is a signal processing type circuit. The signal is then used to drive a transistor circuit, with a resistor pulling up on the collector. This is close enough to the desired 40kHz to still work. Using 1k for R2, 5k for R1 and 3.3nF for C2, we get 39.669 kHz. To figure out the frequency of the output in astable configuration you use the equation f = 1.44/((R2 + 2*R1)*C2). It is setup in astable mode which means that it does not take an outside trigger, but instead uses feedback for a trigger. The timer is used to produce the 40 kHz signal. The transmitter circuit centers around a 555 timer. We have a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit. Here we have made a simple proximity sensor. The ones from PUI Audio are simple transmitter and receivers. Piezos are used for various things in the electrical world.

When it is vibrated at a frequency of 40 kHz it will produce an electrical signal. So when the piezo bender is driven by a 40 kHz electrical signal it will vibrate and produce an ultrasonic sound. The specific piezoelectric benders in the sensors react to a 40 kHz signal. Piezoelectrics work by producing an electrical charge by being introduced to a mechanical stress. This can be achieved with piezoelectrics. Another way to do it is with ultrasonic sound. They work by powering an infrared LED and sensing the reflection with a phototransistor. You can find infrared sensors in most kits. Proximity sensors are common thing used in electronics. Created by Ben Roloff, last modified on Material:

Ultrasonic proximity circuit